Hypothyroidism is when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), essential for regulating metabolism, energy production, and many bodily functions.

 

 

Symptoms develop gradually and can be easily overlooked, especially in the early stages.

 

Fatigue

Weight gain

Cold intolerance

Constipation

Depression or low mood

Dry skin

Puffy face

Hoarseness

Thinning hair or hair loss

Slow heart rate

Memory problems or “brain fog”

Menstrual irregularities or heavier periods

Muscle weakness or cramps

Swelling in the neck (goitre)

 

 

If not diagnosed and treated, hypothyroidism can lead to:

Heart Problems

Elevated LDL cholesterol can cause atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of heart attack or stroke.

Myxedema (Severe Hypothyroidism)

A rare, life-threatening condition that can cause coma, hypothermia, and even death if untreated.

Infertility and Pregnancy Risks

Hypothyroidism increases the risk of miscarriage, preterm birth, and neurodevelopmental issues in the baby.

Mental Health Issues

Untreated hypothyroidism can lead to depression, cognitive decline, and slowed mental processing.

Goitre

Chronic stimulation of the thyroid gland by TSH can lead to enlargement of the thyroid (goitre).

 

 

The mainstay of treatment is levothyroxine, a synthetic version of T4 hormone.

Taken orally, once daily.

 

Dosage is tailored and monitored through TSH levels in blood tests.

Requires lifelong therapy in most cases.

 

Dr Geranmayeh